Alkaloids are a group of naturally occurring organic compounds that contain nitrogen atoms. They are produced by a variety of organisms, including plants, fungi, and animals. Alkaloids often have pharmacological effects on humans and other animals, and they are known for their diverse range of biological activities, such as acting as stimulants, analgesics, or toxins. Examples of alkaloids include caffeine, nicotine, and morphine. **

Alkaloids are formed in passionflowers through a biosynthetic pathway that involves the conversion of amino acids, primarily tryptophan, into alkaloids. Enzymes such as decarboxylases and oxidases are involved in the transformation of these amino acids into alkaloids. The specific alkaloids found in passionflowers, such as harmine and harmaline, are derived from these biosynthetic processes. These alkaloids play a role in the plant's defense mechanisms and may also have medicinal properties. **

Alkaloids in passion flowers are formed through a biosynthetic pathway involving the amino acid tryptophan. Tryptophan is converted into strictosidine, which is a key intermediate in alkaloid biosynthesis. Through a series of enzymatic reactions, strictosidine is then transformed into various alkaloids such as harman, harmine, and harmaline. These alkaloids give passion flowers their characteristic bitter taste and potential medicinal properties. **

The caricature of the summit conference in Helsinki shows the leaders of the United States and Russia, Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin, sitting at a table with Trump holding a puppet string attached to Putin. This caricature is a satirical representation of the perception that Trump is under the control or influence of Putin, suggesting that Putin is pulling the strings and manipulating Trump. The image reflects the controversy and speculation surrounding the relationship between the two leaders and the potential influence of Russia on the United States. **

A symposium is a formal gathering or meeting where experts in a particular field come together to discuss and exchange ideas on a specific topic. It is often organized as a series of presentations, panel discussions, and Q&A sessions, allowing participants to share their knowledge and insights with each other. Symposia are commonly held in academic and professional settings, providing a platform for networking, collaboration, and learning within a specific discipline or industry. **

"Der Kongress tanzt" is a German phrase that translates to "The Congress Dances" in English. The phrase originated from the Congress of Vienna in 1814-1815, where European diplomats and leaders gathered to reorganize Europe after the Napoleonic Wars. The phrase is a metaphor for the diplomatic and political maneuvering that took place during the Congress, likening it to a dance where participants carefully navigated their relationships and alliances. It reflects the complex and intricate nature of international diplomacy and negotiations during this historic event. **

A convention is a formal agreement or a set of accepted norms and practices that govern behavior in a particular context or industry. It is a customary way of doing things that is widely recognized and followed by a group of people. Conventions help to establish consistency, order, and predictability in social interactions or professional settings. They can vary across different cultures, societies, or fields of study. **

The G20 summit is a meeting of the leaders of the world's 20 largest economies, representing both developed and developing countries. The summit provides a platform for these leaders to discuss and coordinate on global economic issues, such as trade, finance, and development. It is an opportunity for countries to work together to address common challenges and promote global economic stability and growth. The G20 summit also serves as a forum for leaders to address pressing international issues, such as climate change, terrorism, and global health crises. **